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an AI modified image showing the King Philippe of Belgium returning a ceremonial wooden mask, known as the Kakungu mask, to President Félix Tshisekedi
Investigations

Crime Scenes with Gift Shops: The Theatre of Colonial Restitution

Once upon a time, a Belgian king returned a sacred Congolese mask to its homeland. The cameras rolled, the speeches flowed, and everyone pretended not to notice the punchline: the mask was only on loan. Belgium still owns it.
This is the fairy tale Europe tells itself about colonial restitution. A bedtime story where thieves become guardians, where “indefinite loan” means justice, where museums with millions of stolen objects celebrate returning one. During the same visit, the King even promised to return Lumumba’s tooth. They’d dissolved the rest of him in acid but kept the tooth for sixty years. Another souvenir. Another ceremony. Another performance.
Welcome to the grand theater of colonial restitution, where every gesture is designed to look like justice while preventing it. Where the dragon still hoards the gold but has learned to call it preservation.

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The academy is dead
Essays

The Academy is Dead, Long Live the Streets: Notes on Art Education in Kinshasa

You think the title exaggerates? Consider the evidence. The San Francisco Art Institute is gone. Prestigious academies worldwide are closing. Those that persist are calcifying into irrelevance.Like monarchies: ceremonial, expensive, and increasingly detached from reality. They keep issuing diplomas like royal titles. Impressive to their own circle, meaningless to everyone else.
In Kinshasa, this irrelevance takes perfect form. The Académie des Beaux-Arts still requires students to copy European masters while the street painters it refuses to recognize fill MoMA and the Pompidou. The workshops teach through practice what the Academy buries in theory. The streets didn’t overthrow the institution. They simply built something better alongside it. Merit beating privilege, necessity breeding innovation. The revolution already happened. The Academy just hasn’t noticed.

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A book cover with the title: Beaute congo 1926-2015 Congo Kitoko. FondationCartier pour l'art contemporain
Essays

The Hangover of a Triumph: Inside the Kinshasa Art Scene, 10 Years After “Beauté Congo”

An exhibition celebrating Congolese art where Congolese people owned basically none of it. A market boom that left local artists poorer than before. Master painters who no longer touch a brush. Galleries where most of the paintings are Pinterest copies. Welcome to Kinshasa’s art world a decade after “Beauté Congo”—where success became the architect of failure, where being discovered by the West meant losing yourself, and where the cure turned out to be worse than the disease. This is what cultural extraction looks like in the 21st century: not with colonial officers and forced labor, but with champagne openings, international acclaim, and prices so inflated that an entire community can no longer afford its own culture.

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